Nature Notes (#489)~ The Niagara River Corridor “globally significant” Important Bird Area

Join Nature Notes from Monday at 12:00 am EST to Friday at 11:00 pm EST. More information can be found at the top of the blog on a separate page, but it really is easy. What are you or have you seen and enjoyed in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? Do you garden? Have you read a good book on nature?

This is something I didn’t really know before this post. I knew about overwintering diving ducks but not how important the Niaraga River is that runs between Lakes Erie and Ontario and is where Niagara Falls is.
In 1996 an international consortium of conservation and nature organizations, citizen activists and government agencies named the Niagara River Corridor as the first internationally recognized “globally significant” Important Bird Area (NRCIBA).

The area is recognized as important to a wide variety of resident and migratory birds, and the flora, fauna, and ecosystems that support these birds. A wide variety of bird species including neotropicals, travel through the corridor or breed here. Birds that depend upon this area for habitat include migrating and breeding songbirds, warblers, waterfowl, raptors, shorebirds, gulls and terns, and others. The corridor provides essential habitat. Over 30 species of endangered birds, threatened birds or birds of special concern are found here, including the bald eagle, the peregrine falcon, the black tern and the common tern.

Many fish, mammals, amphibians, insects and plants that are on the state Endangered, Threatened, or Species of Special Concern lists also can be found in the corridor.

To orient youself here are the Great Lakes that we share with Canada to the north.

Great Lakes in the US

I live near Lakes Erie and Ontario and close to the Niagara River that flows between them and makes the great Niagara Falls.

I live in a suburb of Buffalo New York about 45 minutes from Niagara Falls.

ramblingwoods-western New York state

Niagara River Corrridor.

Niagara River Corridor

Western New York along the Niagara River corridor also hosts diving waterfowl who come from their nesting grounds in Canada to live on the lake. If the lakes totally freeze, we lose these ducks as they need fish…The waterfowl are mostly diving ducks, like greater and lesser scaup, redheads, canvasbacks, and red-breasted mergansers.
“Globally Significant Important Bird Area.”

Diving ducks are agile swimmers that dive far beneath the surface of the water in search of food, including fish, insects, and aquatic plants. These ducks prefer to stay in the water and can be ungainly and awkward on land, and they have to build up speed to take off from the water’s surface.

The most common bird species that can be spotted on the Niagara River in winter are canvasbacks, redheads, tundra swans, American wigeon, common goldeneye, long-tailed duck, greater and lesser scaup, white-winged scored, bufflehead, and common and red-breasted merganser. The birds adore this unfrozen open water for its rich food supplies, including aquatic plants, crustaceans, mollusks, and fish.

The following species feed mostly on aquatic plants such as eel-grass: canvasback, redhead, and tundra swan.

Crustaceans such as crayfish are the primary prey of common goldeneye and long-tailed duck.

The following species feed mostly on mollusks such as mussels and aquatic snails: greater and lesser scaup, bufflehead, and white-winged scoter.

Common and red-breasted mergansers feed primarily on fish. These are the only photos that I took and these were from these mergansers stopping tp fish during migration…

 

There are also gulls who are the first to arrive in mid-November. About 100,000 birds come from as far as Greenland and Siberia. Ornithologists count up to 19 species of gulls, but the most numerous are Bonaparte’s gulls, ranging from 50,000 to 70,000 in total, which is roughly 10% of the world’s population.

I was corrected years ago for referring to a gull I saw as a “seagull” and told that they were called “gulls”

bonaparte gull

This was a good lesson for me. It is funny what we don’t know about in our own area and when I can, I would like to go and look as we are 15 minutes from the Niagara River…

*****
What are you seeing in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? What do you find interesting in nature? Take a photo, write a post, a story, a poem, anything goes because I love to see what Mother Nature is up to in your area. PS..please check back and visit bloggers who post later in the week!

Have a wonderful nature-filled week! Please be safe.

Nature Notes (#464)~ Mallard Ducklings on the Pond

nature notes logo

Join Nature Notes from Mondays at 11:00 pm EST  to Friday at 11:00 pm EST.

More information can be found at the top of the blog on a separate page, but it really is easy. What are you or have you seen and enjoyed in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike, or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? Do you garden? Have you read a good book on nature? 

Write a blog post with a photo, a story, a poem, anything goes because I love to see what Mother Nature is up to in your area. Please submit one blog post per week and link it back to Nature Notes in some way.

Below is last week’s Nature Notes’ blogger thumbnail photos in a collage. If your photos are protected and/or you don’t want me to use them, please let me know. Also listed are all the links to last week’s Nature Notes blog posts if you missed any.


This post is about mallard ducks. Common and yet I have grown to love them over the past 15 years on the pond. We don’t have many nesting here now as the experienced mallards know about the snapping turtles here in the pond which puts all swimming waterfowl at risk.

When most people think of ducks, they think of the Mallard Duck. The Mallard is a common duck mostly found in North America, Europe, and Asia. The Mallard Duck is also found in Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. The scientific name for the Mallard Duck is Anas Platyrhynchos. It is part of the species of Dabbling Ducks.

How long does the mallard sit on her eggs?

As the last egg is laid, the female starts to incubate. She sits very tightly, and her brown plumage blends her perfectly to the background. She rarely leaves the nest apart from short breaks to feed and stretch her legs. it is a dangerous time and nesting hens may be killed on their nest. About 28 days later the eggs hatch together. This takes about 24 hours.

duckling

 The Ducklings
Baby Mallards are called ducklings. A mother duck will usually lay around 10 or so eggs. She tends the eggs by herself in a nest. Shortly after the ducklings hatch out of the eggs, the mother duck will lead them to the water. From that point on, they usually do not return to the nest. Baby ducklings are ready to go within a few hours after they hatch. They can swim, waddle, feed themselves, and find food right away. Their mother will watch over them and help protect them for the next few months. After around two months, the ducklings can fly and will become independent.

mallard duckling 3

What care does the Mallard Mama Give Her Ducklings?

The down of the ducklings is not naturally waterproof. They get the waterproofing for their down from their mother. She also protects her ducklings from attacks by other mallards. She leads them to places where they can feed.

 

What do they eat? 

Mallards are omnivores. This means they eat both plants and other animals. They mostly feed off of the surface of the water eating all kinds of seeds, small fish, insects, frogs, and fish eggs. They also enjoy eating some human foods, often eating grain from human crops.

mallard duckling 1
What sounds do they make?

Female Mallard ducks are famous for their “quack”.  Females quack to call other ducks to them, usually their baby ducklings. This call is often termed the “hail call” or “decrescendo call”. The ducklings can hear this call for miles. The male makes a raspy “kwek” sound, not a quack.

Fun Facts About Mallard Ducks

  • The male mallard is called a drake and the female a hen.
  • Ducks may waddle along slowly, but they can fly pretty fast. At top speed they can hit 70 miles per hour!
  • Mallards can fly nearly vertical, if needed. This includes taking off from the water almost straight up.
  • It is estimated that there are over 10 million mallard ducks in North America.
  • A group of ducks that are flying is called a flock, but when they are on the water the group is called a sord.

mallard duck and ducklings

What are you seeing in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? What do you find interesting in nature? Take a photo, write a post, a story, a poem, anything goes because I love to see what Mother Nature is up to in your area. PS..please check back and visit bloggers who post later in the week!——-

Have a wonderful week from Michelle

Nature Notes (#458)~The snow goose need not bathe to make itself white. Neither need you do anything but be yourself.~Lao Tzu

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Join Nature Notes from Mondays at 11:00 pm EST  to Friday at 11:00 pm EST.

More information can be found at the top of the blog on a separate page, but it really is easy. What are you or have you seen and enjoyed in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike, or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? Do you garden? Have you read a good book on nature? 

Write a blog post with a photo, a story, a poem, anything goes because I love to see what Mother Nature is up to in your area. Please submit one blog post per week and link it back to Nature Notes in some way.

Below is last week’s Nature Notes’ blogger thumbnail photos in a collage. If your photos are protected and/or you don’t want me to use them, please let me know. Also listed are all the links to last week’s Nature Notes blog posts if you missed any.

We have had record-breaking low temperatures with freeze over the last week. Rain, sleet and snow making it a miserable week. I wanted to show you the canada goose who has nesting in our yard for the past 3 years. Thanks to Cornell for the facts. Stay well my friends….

Canada Geese-

The big, black-necked Canada Goose with its signature white chinstrap mark is a familiar and widespread bird of fields and parks. Thousands of “honkers” migrate north and south each year, filling the sky with long V-formations. But as lawns have proliferated, more and more of these grassland-adapted birds are staying put in urban and suburban areas year-round, where some people regard them as pests.

Behavior– During much of the year they associate in large flocks, and many of these birds may be related to one another. They mate for life with very low “divorce rates,” and pairs remain together throughout the year. Geese mate “assortatively,” larger birds choosing larger mates and smaller ones choosing smaller mates;

Food
In spring and summer, geese concentrate their feeding on grasses and sedges, including skunk cabbage leaves and eelgrass. During fall and winter, they rely more on berries and seeds, including agricultural grains, and seem especially fond of blueberries. They’re very efficient at removing kernels from dry corn cobs. Two subspecies have adapted to urban environments and graze on domesticated grasses year-round.

This pair had been nesting for 4 years and one nest was destroyed by a predator and another washed out when the pond was high. Last year was their first successful nest and out of 5 eggs, two goslings survived to adulthood. Predators of Canada geese and their eggs include humans, coyotes, raccoons, skunks, bobcats, and foxes,, eagles, hawks.

Nesting

NEST PLACEMENT

On the ground, usually on a muskrat mound or other slightly elevated site, near water. They prefer a spot from which they can have a fairly unobstructed view in many directions. The Female selects the site and does much of nest construction. She adds down feathers and some body feathers beginning after the second egg is laid. She does all the incubation while her mate guards her and the nest.

NEST DESCRIPTION

A large open cup on the ground, made of dry grasses, lichens, mosses, and other plant material, and lined with down and some body feathers. – Two to Eight eggs.

This is from last summer and is our trail cam at night. You can see the goose standing up as the raccoon will take eggs.

Conservation -The proliferation of lawns, golf courses, and parks offers Canada Geese such reliable habitat that in some areas the birds stay all year round instead of migrating like they used to do. Recently, some communities have had to begin considering some Canada Geese as nuisances (for eating grass or fouling lawns) or even hazards (around airports, where collisions with planes can be very dangerous). Some 2.6 million Canada Geese are harvested by hunters in North America, but this does not seem to affect its numbers.

My Opinion– We provide habitat by closely cut lawns and then get angry when the geese show up. Here all around the ponds, everything is mowed right to the water except for our part of the lawn which is a butterfly weed and wildflower garden where no geese go. I have never been smacked by a goose. I have been hissed at and I respect them especially in the breeding season. Here on the pond they have been illegally shot and beaten to death and I report that.

Part of our lawn is small to the pond and then extends across the pond and back into the wetland woods. My 5-year old grandson was able to watch the goose lay her eggs which is one every day. He was thrilled and you can see that the gander (male) was not attacking them because they know us.

24-28 days later the goslings hatch and may stay near the nest for a day or so living off of their yolk sac.

 

 

Six goslings

Goslings often remain with their parents for their entire first year, especially in the larger subspecies. As summer wanes birds become more social; they may gather in large numbers at food sources; where food is limited and patchy, may compete with displays and fights.

In winter, Geese can remain in northern areas with some open water and food resources even where temperatures are extremely cold. Geese breeding in the northernmost reaches of their range tend to migrate long distances to winter in the more southerly parts of the range, whereas geese breeding in southern Canada and the conterminous United States migrate shorter distances or not at all.

Migrating flocks generally include loose aggregations of family groups and individuals, in both spring and fall. Flights usually begin at dusk, but may begin any time of day, and birds fly both night and day. They move in a V formation, with experienced individuals taking turns leading the flock.

signs of season logo

What are you seeing in nature? It can be from your own backyard, the local park, out on a hike or anywhere. What plants and animals catch your interest? What do you find interesting in nature? Take a photo, write a post, a story, a poem, anything goes because I love to see what Mother Nature is up to in your area. PS..please check back and visit bloggers who post later in the week!

Have a wonderful week from Michelle